CVE-2024-51092: LibreNMS has an Authenticated OS Command Injection

An authenticated attacker can create dangerous directory names on the system and alter sensitive configuration parameters through the web portal. Those two defects combined then allows to inject arbitrary OS commands inside shell_exec() calls, thus achieving arbitrary code execution.

With all this, an authenticated attacker can:

• Create a malicious Device with shell metacharacters inside its hostname
• Force the creation of directory containing shell metacharacters through the PollDevice job
• Modify the snmpget configuration variable to point to a valid system binary, while also using the directory created in the previous step via a path traversal (i.e: /path/to/install/dir/rrd/<DEVICE_HOSTNAME>/../../../../../../../bin/ls)
• Trigger a code execution via the shell_exec() call contained in the AboutController.php script