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  5. CVE-2025-12044

CVE-2025-12044: Hashicorp Vault and Vault Enterprise vulnerable to a denial of service when processing JSON

October 23, 2025

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]  which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

References

  • discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710
  • github.com/advisories/GHSA-vp5w-xcfc-73wf
  • github.com/hashicorp/vault
  • github.com/hashicorp/vault/commit/b19e74c29a33ed2a99fc01626104db1a49345df3
  • github.com/hashicorp/vault/commit/eedc2b7426f30e57e306229ce697ce81e203ab89
  • nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12044

Code Behaviors & Features

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Affected versions

All versions starting from 1.20.3 before 1.21.0

Fixed versions

  • 1.21.0

Solution

Upgrade to version 1.21.0 or above.

Impact 7.5 HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Learn more about CVSS

Weakness

  • CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Source file

go/github.com/hashicorp/vault/CVE-2025-12044.yml

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