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  5. CVE-2025-12816

CVE-2025-12816: node-forge has an Interpretation Conflict vulnerability via its ASN.1 Validator Desynchronization

November 26, 2025

CVE-2025-12816 has been reserved by CERT/CC

Description An Interpretation Conflict (CWE-436) vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft ASN.1 structures to desynchronize schema validations, yielding a semantic divergence that may bypass downstream cryptographic verifications and security decisions.

References

  • github.com/advisories/GHSA-5gfm-wpxj-wjgq
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/2bb97afb5058285ef09bcf1d04d6bd6b87cffd58/lib/asn1.js
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/2bb97afb5058285ef09bcf1d04d6bd6b87cffd58/lib/ed25519.js
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/2bb97afb5058285ef09bcf1d04d6bd6b87cffd58/lib/pbe.js
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/2bb97afb5058285ef09bcf1d04d6bd6b87cffd58/lib/pkcs12.js
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/2bb97afb5058285ef09bcf1d04d6bd6b87cffd58/lib/pkcs7.js
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/2bb97afb5058285ef09bcf1d04d6bd6b87cffd58/lib/rsa.js
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/2bb97afb5058285ef09bcf1d04d6bd6b87cffd58/lib/x509.js
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/pull/1124
  • github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/advisories/GHSA-5gfm-wpxj-wjgq
  • kb.cert.org/vuls/id/521113
  • nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12816
  • www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/521113
  • www.npmjs.com/package/node-forge

Code Behaviors & Features

Detect and mitigate CVE-2025-12816 with GitLab Dependency Scanning

Secure your software supply chain by verifying that all open source dependencies used in your projects contain no disclosed vulnerabilities. Learn more about Dependency Scanning →

Affected versions

All versions before 1.3.2

Fixed versions

  • 1.3.2

Solution

Upgrade to version 1.3.2 or above.

Impact 8.6 HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

Learn more about CVSS

Weakness

  • CWE-436: Interpretation Conflict

Source file

npm/node-forge/CVE-2025-12816.yml

Spotted a mistake? Edit the file on GitLab.

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