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CVE-2025-46560: phi4mm: Quadratic Time Complexity in Input Token Processing​ leads to denial of service

April 29, 2025 (updated April 30, 2025)

A critical performance vulnerability has been identified in the input preprocessing logic of the multimodal tokenizer. The code dynamically replaces placeholder tokens (e.g., <|audio_|>, <|image_|>) with repeated tokens based on precomputed lengths. Due to ​​inefficient list concatenation operations​​, the algorithm exhibits ​​quadratic time complexity (O(n²))​​, allowing malicious actors to trigger resource exhaustion via specially crafted inputs.

References

  • github.com/advisories/GHSA-vc6m-hm49-g9qg
  • github.com/vllm-project/vllm
  • github.com/vllm-project/vllm/blob/8cac35ba435906fb7eb07e44fe1a8c26e8744f4e/vllm/model_executor/models/phi4mm.py
  • github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-vc6m-hm49-g9qg
  • nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46560

Code Behaviors & Features

Detect and mitigate CVE-2025-46560 with GitLab Dependency Scanning

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Affected versions

All versions starting from 0.8.0 before 0.8.5

Fixed versions

  • 0.8.5

Solution

Upgrade to version 0.8.5 or above.

Impact 6.5 MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Learn more about CVSS

Weakness

  • CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Source file

pypi/vllm/CVE-2025-46560.yml

Spotted a mistake? Edit the file on GitLab.

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